U. S. Public Sector Labor Market Policy

The public sector represents the largest portion of organized labor in America and continues to grow. Educators, nurses, policemen, employees and government leaders have strongly unionized or other professional organizations. Although most of the major pieces of labor law excluded public employees, they are becoming increasingly important to understand them, as governments continue to outsource administrative, strategic and other professional work. [1]

Employees who are in a variety of bargaining tactics caused slowdown, shutdown, or sick-ins. While the private sector can take up this tactic, the public sector can not. Often, key employees such as police or fire brigade strike is in critical moments that the public has a serious injury for their own greed. Millions of dollars and lives in the hands of American officials to ensure effective public policy in the collective bargaining is important for the success of the nation. The largest public sector union is an organization is the American Federation of State, regional, and municipal employees (AFSCME), the employees of local and national governments, with a membership of 1.3 million and dates from 1936. [2] union is strong at this level with around 60 percent of eligible public employees belonging to a union or other professional organization. [3].

Putting U.S. Public Sector labor market policies on the agenda

The problem was on the national agenda, since the possibility for the public service trade unions to mobilize a block vote and the threat of a strike, if they are not satisfied with the use of policy conditions. Public employees have strengthened their organization for the reasons that the pay and working conditions. Security has always been an important collective bargaining for many unions, especially in dangerous occupations. Strikes are very dangerous for the public sector because they are often the first responders or employees in key positions.

For example, in 1981 13.000 professional craft air controllers in the PATCO strike did attempt to leave the aircraft to their own devices and advice on what would have been a national emergency, because they wanted better wages. President Ronald Reagan fired more quickly than 70 percent of them send a clear warning that a strike of this magnitude does not and could not be tolerated by the American public. [4]

The main actors shaping U.S. Public Sector Labor Market Policy

Since the early 1960s, federal employees were able to organize and to collective bargaining over an executive order of President Kennedy, the federal employees the right to unionize and to collective bargaining. [5] This is a statement that while the Congress is not a key role in the shaping of labor policy for the public sector, the executive. However, the president in shaping political change laboratory, where the turnover in the office. Various presidents have simply different policies on trade union problems.

Individual states are largely responsible for the state, county and municipal employees of the EU policy and the state legislature here has considerable power in shaping public policy in relation to the unions. Many states have rejected the unions' rights under the so-called doctrine of the privilege, it means that employment in the government is not a right but a privilege. [6] This is legally defensible and is rooted in common law. [7]
Under the Minnesota Labor Relations Act, employers can not intimidate or discourage union activities employees have a limited right to strike, the employer can not, a lockout, the employees of the locks work, or against an employee for those who in a union or other collective bargaining agency [8].

The future of public sector labor market policies in the U.S.

Some employees of the government are very difficult to replace, while others may be outsourced. For example, all fire fighters during a strike harvest burning causes massive damage, perhaps they should be held liable for damages. In the private sector, unions and management in an adversarial system, but in the public sector, this is not the case. This could mean that a manager is less likely to dismiss an employee just because he is a member of the union. This leads to a retention of incompetent employees, and government ineffectiveness.

This is a crisis that many administrators will face the future and learn with. As the public sector union rate continues to increase, even if their private counterpart reduced, important actors in public policy must be started to examine how the best form of U.S. public policy against public union.

Current Labor policy is likely to continue at the federal level, at least until a president with an active interest in the change arises. But at the level of change happens all the time. States are laboratories of democracy and politics to shape this into their work. One thing to remember is that there is not a major work party in the United States, and that will always hamper union activity, because they are less of a voice at the table.

French Public Sector Labor Market Policy

The French public sector is still very much alive and very strong, with a threat of a strike threat from many areas of public sector at all times. It is the largest area of work in France, unlike America, the government is a noble profession and coveted. Given the recent threats of public sector work stoppages and possible violence, French President Nicolas Sarkozy has tried to calm the nation. "" I say to those who are very, very calm and show a high degree of serenity ... This country does not need violence, manipulation, on top of all other problems it has.

However, his speeches Transportation Systems will not be running when they entered the "nation-wide chaos" of disgruntled trade unions this fall. [9] union with 5.2 million in France, but is made up of unions that are at loose in the under a variety of different political conditions. [10] The public sector has a sense of elitism that separates them from their comrades were in the other unions, however, certain events or disturbances will cause the trade unions to form temporary alliances and a common struggle thing.

Putting French Public Sector labor market policies on the agenda

Part of the reason that the unions react so strongly, is the recent announcement of the public policy of President Sarkozy, to 22,000 jobs in the public sector. [11]

The French economy simply can not afford to support jobs and unnecessary over-inflated public sector union. President Sarkozy said he does not want to eliminate the bureaucracy, but he wants to ensure that they are better and sharper. "" I would like a public service, which is smaller, better paid and with better career prospects, "he said. [12]

The political movement in France has been a conservative for some time. It was about what was a socialist regime and has taken steps against a resistance in the public sector, the use of bloated salaries and benefits of convenient [13].

The main actors shaping French Public Sector Labor Market Policy

The main actors of the French work in shaping the public sector, public sector, the executive and to some extent the media. Depending on how close the trade unions are united, they can be quite a formidable force, they were in the past and will likely continue into the future. However, the executive, the policy of the nation and for the earlier liberal and socialist regimes, policies were much more union-friendly then they are now. [14]

The media selects the page to highlight the problem and if it seems that the mainstream media sources, such as the BBC, have become disabled unionism and complaining of public servants, it seems a strong underground stream of socialist literature, floods the Web tends to defend trade unions and civil servants. This could also mean that the Socialist Party is a major player in shaping the French laboratory in the public sector, since it for some time.

The future of public sector labor market policies in France

France, for a number of years, are riddled with strikes and economic uncertainties. There is a strong socialist culture in the public sector in France, but there is currently a conservative administration, these two players are clearly at odds with each other.

The result of the policy of the executive branch will depend on whether the unions can form coalitions, remain strong, with significant economic disputes, and again the media on their side. If they fail, then the executive will be successful, to break and the strategy of not caving into the demands, if they are successful, then the board strategy of non-cooperation will fail.

One of the two sides must stop, and who the media has on them is better suited to win this battle. This could be either the policy is still very conservative or after return to socialist ideas. In one of its fourth constitution, anything can happen!

Similarities between the U.S. and French Public Policy

Both France and the United States a strong executive control over work in the public sector. It seems strange, the Legislature has very little say in the arena of the public sector in a nation. While Congress has a major influence on the trade unions in the private sector, it has almost none in the public sector itself and only rarely cited, the same is true for France as their private sector unions are quite weak.

Historically, both countries have strong public sector unions, the massive setback, however, that trade unions in France today are already on the American public in the 1980s. This has led to the French public sector strike by union militancy and shut down, but forced U.S. officials to learn political tactics, to achieve their goals and to survive.

U.S. presidents and the French president, handled the situation similarly, but as I said, the United States went through in the 1980s and in France does not really run through until the mid-1990s. The tactics are basically the same, both countries have a zero-tolerance policy on the manufacture and deal with him, and it seems to work. Finally, unions in both counties have to find new ways to survive in increasingly conservative administrations and less public support for their causes.

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